Table 1.
Group demographics and injury characteristics
| Group | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OI (n =32) | Mild/Moderate TBI (n = 39) | Severe TBI (n= 13) | ||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| Sex (male) | 20 | 62.5 | 25 | 64.1 | 7 | 53.8 |
| Racea | ||||||
| White | 29 | 90.6 | 33 | 84.6 | 8 | 61.5 |
| Black | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 2.6 | 2 | 15.4 |
| Multiracial | 2 | 6.3 | 3 | 7.7 | 0 | 0.0 |
| M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | |
| Age at injury (years) | 7.84 | 1.97 | 8.10 | 1.84 | 7.24 | 2.28 |
| Age at assessment (years) | 10.57 | 1.62 | 10.57 | 1.31 | 9.81 | 1.47 |
| Time from injury to assessment (years) | 2.73 | 1.07 | 2.47 | 1.21 | 2.57 | 1.20 |
| SES composite standard score* | 0.44 | 0.94 | −0.08 | 1.07 | −0.60 | 0.49 |
| Full-Scale IQb * | 112.25 | 12.74 | 99.33 | 14.59 | 91.54 | 12.66 |
| Lowest Glasgow Coma Sale score* | 14.03 | 1.68 | 3.85 | 1.86 | ||
Note. OI = orthopedic injury; TBI = traumatic brain injury; SES = socioeconomic status.
a
Race was not available for 9 participants.
b
IQ measured using the two-subtest version of Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence.
*
Groups differ significantly, p < .05.