Table 1.
Participant demographics and non-motor scales and questionnaires
| Mean | SD | Range | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 62.8 | 9.4 | 38.0–82.0 |
| Age at onset (years) | 55.3 | 9.1 | 35.0–77.0 |
| Disease duration (years) | 7.5 | 5.5 | 0.0–26.0 |
| Hoehn and Yahr stage | 2.9 | 1.0 | 2–4 |
| LEDD (mg) | 950.4 | 673.8 | 0–2818 |
| SCOPA | |||
| Motor score | 10.9 | 5.7 | 0–30 |
| Activities of daily living | 6.2 | 4.3 | 0–20 |
| Motor complications | 2.5 | 2.6 | 0–11 |
| Parkinson’s Kinetigraph measures | |||
| Bradykinesia score | 27.0 | 8.7 | 6.9–52.9 |
| Dyskinesia score | 5.6 | 12.9 | 0.0–84.7 |
| NMSS | |||
| Total scores | 57.2 | 37.8 | 0–161 |
| 1. Cardiovascular | 1.8 | 3.1 | 0–16 |
| 2. Sleep/fatigue | 12.0 | 8.7 | 0–36 |
| 3. Mood/cognition | 9.2 | 11.3 | 0–48 |
| 4. Perceptual/hallucinations | 2.3 | 5.3 | 0–32 |
| 5. Attention/memory | 6.7 | 8.6 | 0–36 |
| 6. Gastrointestinal tract | 5.0 | 5.9 | 0–24 |
| 7. Urinary | 7.2 | 9.1 | 0–36 |
| 8. Sexual function | 2.5 | 5.5 | 0–24 |
| 9. Miscellaneousa | 10.4 | 7.6 | 0–36 |
| PDSS score | 98.2 | 25.9 | 34–149 |
| HADS (anxiety) score | 7.5 | 4.3 | 0–18 |
| HADS (depression) score | 6.4 | 3.9 | 0–19 |
| MMSE score | 28.2 | 3.6 | 23–30 |
| ESS score | 9.1 | 5.4 | 0–23 |
SCOPA Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease, LEDD levodopa equivalent dose, NMSS non-motor symptom scale, PDSS Parkinson’s disease sleep scale, HADS hospital and anxiety depression scale, MMSE mini mental state examination, ESS Epworth’s sleep scale, PKG Parkinson’s KinetiGraph, BKS bradykinesia score, DKS dyskinesia score
aThe miscellaneous domain contains questions about pain, hyposmia, hyperhidrosis and weight change