. 2019 Oct 2;9:14176. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-50511-7

Table 2.

Effects of treatments on villi morphology (µm) in the jejunum of broiler chickens at 10 and 24 days of age.

Treatment	Day 10					Day 24
Treatment	VH²	VW	CD	VH/CD	VSA (mm)	VH	VW	CD	VH/CD	VSA (mm)
NC¹	583^a	161^a	144	4.31	295.76^a	1017^b	174^a	187	5.68	557.02^b
PC	455^b	141^b	125	3.65	201.10^b	827^c	153^b	201	5.04	396.92^c
AMP	643^a	177^a	138	4.84	356.50^a	1167^a	187^a	171	6.06	671.47^a
Antibiotic	640^a	172^a	121	5.11	326.72^a	1175^a	186^a	180	6.49	688.78^a
SEM³	22.512	3.958	6.602	0.286	16.473	38.576	4.249	10.575	0.314	32.201
P-value	0.004	0.001	0.610	0.306	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.816	0.448	0.001

^a,bValues within a column with different letters differ significantly (P < 0.05).

¹NC: negative control group received corn-soybean meal diet without any challenge and additives; PC: positive control group received NC diet inoculated with E. coli without any additives; AMP: PC received group supplemented with 20 mg antimicrobial peptide/kg diet; Antibiotic: PC received group supplemented with 45 mg antibiotic (bacitracin methylene disalicylate)/kg diet.

²VH: villus height; VW: villus width; CD: crypt depth; VH/CD: the ratio of VH to CD; VSA: villus surface area.

³SEM: standard error of means (results are given as means (n = 12) for each treatment).