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. 2019 Oct 2;9:14171. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48898-4

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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BacTitre Glo assay to ascertain cell viability in E. coli by inhibition of ATP synthesis by test compounds at a concentration range of 0.313–5 times the MIC for each compound (legend). Relative percent luminescence is proportional to cell viability. DPA 154 and 156 reduce ATP production and cell viability proportional to increasing concentration. DNA synthesis inhibitors and genotoxic agents (ciprofloxacin, Hoechst dyes) do not reduce cell viability to the same extent as compounds with postulated membrane active mechanisms (polymyxin-B, DPA 154/156, DPA 154/A22 combination). A22 reduced ATP synthesis to an extent comparable to DPA 154/156. DPA 154/A22 combination was superior in reducing cell viability compared to either DPA 154 or A22 alone and was similar to polymyxin-B. Exponential phase E. coli cultures were prepared with a 2-hour incubation with test compounds at 37 °C in microtiter plates. NT (No treatment), Cipro (Ciprofloxacin), H (Hoechst dye control), PB (Polymyxin-B), A22 (S-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)isothiourea. Error bars represent two individual repeats with two duplicates.