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. 2019 Sep 26;10:2212. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02212

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Copyright © 2019 Ozasa, Temizoz, Kusakabe, Kobari, Momota, Coban, Ito, Kobiyama, Kuroda and Ishii.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Type 2 immune responses and lung inflammation following cGAMP-induced allergic inflammation. (A) Experimental procedure for creating our cGAMP-induced allergic inflammation model. (B) Serum HDM-specific IgG1 and total IgE responses in mice sensitized with HDM, cGAMP, or HDM + cGAMP. (C) IL-5 and IL-13 production from lymph node cells in response to HDM. (D) The number of various immune cell populations found in the BALF after HDM challenge. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 are shown as comparison to both HDM and cGAMP (E) H&E and PAS staining of the lung sections. (F) Airway hyperactivity response as measured by enhanced pause (PenH) to methacholine (Mch). Six mice were used per group, and data represent one of two independent experiments with similar results. Data are presented as means ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.