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. 2019 Oct 2;9:14189. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-50591-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Mouse movement is reduced with tumour burden, and correlates to spinal glial activation. (a) Representative mouse path traces 25 days after tumour or control inoculation, with colour indicating relative instantaneous mouse speed, and (b) average locomotion in two-minute videos taken across the experiment. Statistical comparison by two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons test. (c) Correlation between day 25 locomotion data and GFAP+ or (d) Iba1+ quantification from previous figure. Pearson’s r correlation coefficient and p value shown. (e) Mouse grimace scores (MGS) out of a maximum of two. Mouse faces were photographed repeatedly at each time point and randomised, then scored by two blinded trained observers, and resulting scores averaged. Mean MGS is shown for each treatment group. Statistical comparison by two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons test. (f) Average scores for an example control (MGS: 0.000/2.000) and moderate (MGS: 0.934/2.000) grimace image. All statistical comparisons: ns: not significant, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.