FIG 5.

Biofilm formation in MGA medium. Total biofilm formation was quantified using the absorbance of crystal violet at 570 nm. Medium was supplemented with 0.5 mM d-Asp, 1 mM l-Glu, or 1 mM l-Asp. Shown are means and standard errors from at least three independent experiments conducted in triplicate. GzLM analysis was performed, followed by Fisher’s LSD test (****, P < 0.001).