PsPto-PscA is required for the full virulence of P. syringae pv. tomato. (A) Virulence of P. syringae pv. tomato WT, mutant (PsPto-pscA), and complemented (PsPto-pscA-Comp) strains. (B) Plant colonization based on bacterial population sizes in tomato leaves at 6 days postinoculation, after spray inoculation of bacterial suspensions (108 CFU/ml). Shown are means and standard errors from three independent experiments. ANOVA was performed, followed by Fisher’s LSD test (*, P < 0.05). (C) Virulence of P. syringae pv. tomato (WT) and a PsPto-pscA mutant when the indicated amino acids were added to the bacterial suspension before infection. (D) Plant colonization based on bacterial population sizes in tomato leaves at 6 days postinoculation, after spray inoculation of bacterial suspensions (108 CFU/ml), in the presence of the indicated amino acids. Shown are means and standard errors from at least three independent experiments. GzLM analysis was performed, followed by Fisher’s LSD test (****, P < 0.001).