Table 4.
Factors associated with local tumor progression-free survival identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses from the time of the ablation to local tumor progression
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard ratio | 95% CI | P value | Hazard ratio | 95% CI | P value | |
| Patient characteristics | ||||||
| Age | 1.00 | 0.97–1.03 | 0.979 | |||
| BMI | 1.01 | 0.94–1.09 | 0.743 | |||
| ASA, ≥ 3 | 0.96 | 0.40–2.30 | 0.928 | |||
| Primary tumor type | 2.08 | 0.62–6.95 | 0.237 | |||
| Location colorectal cancer, right-sided | 0.50 | 0.12–2.16 | 0.356 | |||
| Characteristics per lesion | ||||||
| Mean diameter (mm) | 1.02 | 0.99–1.06 | 0.266 | |||
| Largest diameter (mm), > 30 | 1.19 | 0.41–3.47 | 0.753 | |||
| Tumor-free margin size (mm), 0–5 | 1.23 | 0.46–3.29 | 0.679 | |||
| Perivascular location | 1.86 | 0.56–6.23 | 0.313 | |||
| Characteristics per procedure | ||||||
| Tumor number, > 1 | 2.45 | 1.02–5.87 | 0.045 | 2.03 | 0.20–1.19 | 0.117 |
| Catheter-guidance | 0.59 | 0.22–1.58 | 0.293 | |||
| Outcomes | ||||||
| Intraprocedural pain | 1.85 | 0.65–5.26 | 0.246 | |||
| Intraprocedural complications (other) | 1.35 | 0.18–10.06 | 0.771 | |||
| First measured postprocedural pain, VAS ≥ 5–10 | 2.52 | 0.99–6.35 | 0.050 | 1.24 | 0.34–2.32 | 0.809 |
| Anesthetic technique | ||||||
| Propofol versus midazolam | 8.70 | 0.04–0.34 | < 0.001 | 7.94 | 0.04–0.39 | < 0.001 |
| General anesthesia versus midazolam sedation | 5.99 | 0.04–0.72 | 0.016 | 6.33 | 0.04–0.69 | 0.014 |
Death without local tumor progression is censored
ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists score, BMI body mass index, CRLM colorectal liver metastases, mm millimeter, VAS visual analog scale
Variables with a P value ≤ 0.20 were entered in the multivariate analysis