Table 4.
1N and TCPY Concentration in Urine and Semen Quality Categories of Urinary Concentrations.
| Semen parameters |
Exposure
|
1N
|
TCPY
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percentile of exposure | Coef | 95% CI | p | Coef | 95% CI | p | |
| Conc | ⩽25th | Ref | Ref | ||||
| 25th–50th | −0.21 | [−0.55, 0.13] | .22 | −0.1 | [−0.43, 0.24] | .56 | |
| 50th–75th | −0.07 | [−0.41, 0.28] | .71 | −0.29 | [−0.63, 0.04] | .08 | |
| >75th | 0.02 | [−0.35, 0.38] | .93 | −0.27 | [−0.60, 0.06] | .11 | |
| Cont | 0.05 | [−0.12, 0.22] | .55 | −0.13 | [−0.31, 0.04] | .14 | |
| Motility | ⩽25th | Ref | Ref | ||||
| 25th–50th | −2.64 | [−9.05, 3.78] | .42 | 3.55 | [−2.78, 9.89] | .27 | |
| 50th–75th | 2.11 | [−4.45, 8.68] | .53 | −2.46 | [−8.81, 3.89] | .45 | |
| >75th | 3.81 | [−3.07, 10.68] | .28 | −4.26 | [−10.6, 2.08] | .19 | |
| Cont | 2.71 | [−0.53, 5.95] | .1 | −3.31 | [−6.64, 0.02] | .051 | |
| Morph | ⩽25th | Ref | Ref | ||||
| 25th–50th | 0.01 | [−7.66, 7.68] | .1 | −0.3 | [−7.98, 7.38] | .94 | |
| 50th–75th | −7.22 | [−15.03, 0.6] | .07 | −3.71 | [−11.38, 3.95] | .34 | |
| >75th | −7.27 | [−15.49, 0.95] | .08 | 4.07 | [−3.56, 11.7] | .29 | |
| Cont | −4.21 | [−8.09, −0.32] | .03 | 1.79 | [−2.22, 5.81] | .38 | |
| VSL | ⩽25th | Ref | Ref | ||||
| 25th–50th | 0.32 | [−2.99, 3.64] | .85 | 3.83 | [0.54, 7.13] | .02 | |
| 50th–75th | 3.85 | [0.48, 7.22] | .03 | 1.02 | [−2.28, 4.32] | .55 | |
| >75th | 3.34 | [−0.16, 6.91] | .06 | 3.22 | [−0.06, 6.49] | .054 | |
| Cont | 2.2 | [0.52, 3.87] | .01 | 0.58 | [−1.15, 2.32] | .51 | |
| VCL | ⩽25th | Ref | Ref | ||||
| 25th–50th | −1.68 | [−4.49, 1.14] | .24 | 1.83 | [−0.94, 4.61] | .2 | |
| 50th–75th | 1.39 | [−1.47, 4.24] | .34 | −1.2 | [−3.98, 1.59] | .4 | |
| >75th | 0.03 | [−2.97, 3.02] | .99 | 2.05 | [−0.7, 4.81] | .14 | |
| Cont | 0.57 | [−0.87, 1.98] | .44 | 0.1 | [−0.46, 2.46] | .18 | |
| LIN | ⩽25th | Ref | Ref | ||||
| 25th–50th | 1.14 | [−0.93, 3.21] | .28 | 1.08 | [−0.97, 3.14] | .3 | |
| 50th–75th | 0.93 | [−1.17, 3.03] | .38 | 1.14 | [−0.92, 3.2] | .28 | |
| >75th | 2.05 | [−0.15, 4.26] | .07 | 0.43 | [−1.62, 2.47] | .68 | |
| Cont | 0.91 | [−0.13, 1.95] | .09 | −0.33 | [−1.4, 0.75] | .55 | |
| DFI | ⩽25th | Ref | Ref | ||||
| 25th–50th | −0.09 | [−0.39, 0.2] | .54 | 0.23 | [−0.04, 0.49] | .09 | |
| 50th–75th | 0.01 | [−0.29, 0.32] | .94 | 0.29 | [0.008, 0.56] | .04 | |
| >75th | −0.1 | [−0.4 0.19] | .49 | 0.1 | [−0.2, 0.4] | .53 | |
| Cont | −0.02 | [−0.15, 0.12] | .81 | 0.06 | [−0.1, 0.21] | .47 | |
| HDS | ⩽25th | Ref | Ref | ||||
| 25th–50th | −0.01 | [−1.91, 1.89] | .99 | −0.4 | [−2.15, 1.36] | .66 | |
| 50th–75th | −1.49 | [−3.47, 0.48] | .14 | −0.58 | [−2.42, 1.27] | .54 | |
| >75th | −0.97 | [−2.9, 0.95] | .32 | −0.24 | [−2.23, 1.75] | .81 | |
| Cont | −0.7 | [−1.59, 0.18] | .12 | 0.07 | [−0.93, 1.06] | .89 | |
Statistically significant at the level .05. Multivariate model adjusted for sexual abstinence, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, past diseases, and creatinine. 1N = 1-naphthol; Coef = ß coefficient; Conc = sperm concentration; Cont = continuous variable; DFI = DNA fragmentation index; HDS = high DNA stainability; LIN = linearity; Morph = percentage of sperm with normal morphology; Ref = reference; TCPY = 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol; VCL = curvilinear velocity; VSL = straight-line velocity.
Bold values represents statistically significant variable (level of significance <0.05).