Parameters for optimal dopamine response of M-CSWV. (A) Dopamine 1 μM response to a number of CSW pulses. Dopamine responses from 1st to 4th waveform showed significant differences from the last voltammogram (Black bar, n = 5 electrodes, p < 0.0001, one-way ANOVA test with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons). (B) ESW effects on the dopamine response difference between 2nd and 5th M-CSWV. Dopamine responses are normalized. 0.4 V Esw was significantly higher than others (n = 3 electrodes, p < 0.0001, one-way ANOVA test with Tukey’s multiple comparisons). (C) EHolding effects on the dopamine response difference between 2nd and 5th M-CSWV. Holding potentials from 0 V to − 0.4 V showed no significant difference (n = 5 electrodes, one-way ANOVA test).