The growth-promoting effect of Rap1A in ESCC is context-dependent. (A and B) The Rap1A mRNA or protein expression level in ECA109 cells transfected with p-shRap1A1, p-shRap1A2, p-shRap1A3, p-shRap1A4 and the p-control. (C) RT-qPCR and western blot analysis results of Rap1A knockdown efficiency following transfection with lentiviral vectors containing one of the two most efficient shRap1A or LV-NC in ECA109 (upper panel) and KYSE150 (lower panel) cell lines. (D) Cell viability, determined by an MTT assay, as described in the methods. (E) The colony-forming ability of the indicated cells was measured using a colony formation assay after incubation for 15 days; error bars represent the mean ± standard error of the mean; **P<0.01, ***P<0.001. Rap1A, Ras-associated protein 1A; ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; RT-qPCR, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction.