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. 2019 Sep 15;200(6):721–731. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201812-2355OC

Table 3.

Associations between the Genetic Risk Score and Lung Structure on Computed Tomography

  Quintile of Genetic Risk Score
 Per SD (95% CI) P Value*
  Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5
Lung density              
 Log-transformed % emphysema              
  MESA Lung Ref 1.14† 1.13† 1.15† 1.14† 1.05 (1.02 to 1.09) 0.0010
  SPIROMICS Ref 1.00 1.03 1.02 1.10 1.03 (0.99 to 1.08) 0.147
 Log-transformed % PRMfSAD              
  SPIROMICS Ref 0.98 1.03 1.06 1.15† 1.06 (1.02 to 1.10) 0.0027
Small airway count‡              
  MESA Lung Ref −9.59 −22.16§ −27.07§ −34.18§ −13.65 (−17.06 to −10.25) <0.0001
  SPIROMICS Ref −0.44 −0.49 −0.41 −0.83† −0.28 (−0.48 to −0.09) 0.0037
Airway dimensions              
 Inner airway diameter              
  MESA Lung Ref 0.04 −0.01 −0.04 −0.09§ −0.07 (−0.09 to −0.05) <0.0001
  SPIROMICS Ref 0.05 0.00 −0.01 −0.09§ −0.06 (−0.08 to −0.03) <0.0001
 Average wall area              
  MESA Lung Ref 0.26 −0.15 −0.25 −0.63† −0.47 (−0.65 to −0.29) <0.0001
  SPIROMICS Ref 1.11† 0.07 −0.42 −2.14§ −1.31 (−1.85 to −0.78) <0.0001
 Percent wall area              
  MESA Lung Ref −0.25† 0.04 0.18 0.42§ 0.32 (0.21 to 0.42) <0.0001
  SPIROMICS Ref −0.05 −0.06 0.04 0.29§ 0.17 (0.09 to 0.26) <0.0001

Definition of abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; MESA = Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; PRMfSAD = functional small airway disease; Q = quintile; Ref = reference; SPIROMICS = Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study.

One SD is equivalent to 6.6 in MESA and 6.5 in SPIROMICS. Number of participants: 2,517 in MESA analyses and 2,339 in SPIROMICS analyses. The linear regression model was adjusted for age, age2, sex, height, smoking status, pack-years, principal components of ancestry 1–10, site, computed tomography scanner model, and body mass index high/low; airway count and dimension analyses were additionally adjusted for total lung volume and lobe.

*

Significance for linear model of continuous genetic risk score.

†

Significance for quintiles of genetic risk score: P < 0.05.

‡

Count of airway generations 6–9. All paths were counted in MESA, whereas only five paths were measured in SPIROMICS.

§

Significance for quintiles of genetic risk score: P < 0.001.