Figure 1.

Alternaria alternata (Alt Ext [Alt]) challenge induces production of calprotectin in the lung. (A) Mice were intranasally (i.n.) challenged with Alt or mock challenged with PBS on Days 0, 3, 6, and 9, and killed on Day 10 at 24 hours after the final challenge. (B) S100A8 levels in the BAL were determined by ELISA; data are combined from three experiments and include 10–11 PBS-challenged and 15–21 Alt-challenged mice per group. (C) S100A9 production and distribution in the lungs were determined by immunohistochemistry. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001. Scale bar: 40 μm. Data with error bars represent mean ± SEM. S100A9 = S100 calcium binding protein A9; Sac = killed; WT = wild-type.