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. 2019 Jun 6;126(5):693–726. doi: 10.1037/rev0000151

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© 2019 The Author(s)

This article has been published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Copyright for this article is retained by the author(s). Author(s) grant(s) the American Psychological Association the exclusive right to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher.

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A behavioral intervention to alter computational properties, in this case, to protect against overpruning of connectivity. (a) Performance of a group of 9 networks with a disorder caused by greater-than-usual loss of connectivity (red [dark gray]), compared with control networks (blue [middle gray]). Also shown are the disorder networks following an early behavioral intervention (green [light gray]), lasting between epochs 30 and 70. Effects of the intervention sustain to the end of development. (b) The number of network connections for the disorder group in untreated and intervention conditions. The intervention caused initial acceleration of loss but final preservation of a greater proportion of connections, associated with improved computational power. Midtraining = 250 epochs; End of training = 1000 epochs.