Spectrum of oncogenic driver mutations in lung adenocarcinoma and their incidence rates. These oncogenic driver mutations are mostly mutually exclusive, except for rare exceptions. (Modified from reference 1.) ALK = anaplastic lymphoma kinase, Amp = amplification, BRAF = v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1, BRCA = breast cancer susceptibility gene, CDKN2A = cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, EGFR = epidermal growth factor receptor, ERBB2 = erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (HER2), FGFR = fibroblast growth factor receptor, KRAS = v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog, MAP2K1 = dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1, MET = mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor, Mut = mutation, NF = neurofibromin, NRAS = neuroblastoma RAS viral (v-ras) oncogene homolog, PIK3CA = phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PTEN = phosphatase and tensin homolog, RET = rearranged during transfection, ROS = ROS proto-oncogene 1, TSC = tuberous sclerosis.