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. 2019 Sep 27;13:3425–3437. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S207720

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© 2019 Gallelli.

This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

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Effect of escin on (A) PECAM-1 expression in HUVECs (immunostaining with anti-PECAM-1 antibody), and on (B) the endothelial cell pattern of β-actin and (C) β-tubulin. (A) Escin prevented hypoxia-induced damage, which disrupted the normal expression and distribution of PECAM-1; (B and C) escin protected against reorganization of the endothelial cytoskeleton. Image courtesy of Dr M Montopoli.

Abbreviations: PECAM-1, platelet endothelial cell-adhesion molecule-1; HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells.