Figure 1.

In vitro assessment of the effect of antioxidant supplements on the angiogenic properties of M1 and M2a hMDMs. Four antioxidant treatments (G1–G4; see the details in the Methods section) were added to the culture medium of M1 (n=7) and M2a (n=8) human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDMs). The addition of untreated culture medium served as control (G5). Choroid tissue was cultured for 8 days with the supernatants from M1 (A) and M2a (B) hMDMs treated with the different supplements. The sprouting area was calculated using ImageJ software (repeated-measure mixed-effect model, *p≤0.05). C: Representative image from control is shown. D: The G3-treated medium culture of M2a macrophages is shown.