Table 2.
PH subtypes by race and ethnicity
| PH subtypes | Race | Ethnicity | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| American Indian / Alaska Native (n=14) | Asian (n=129) | Black (n=187) | Native Hawaiian / other Pacific Islander (n=10) | White (n=852) | Multi-racial (n=23) | Not specified (n=203) | Hispanic (n=227) | Non-Hispanic (n=1056) | Unknown (n=134) | |
| PAH | 8 (57.1) | 75 (58.1) | 58 (31.2) | 6 (60.0) | 361 (42.4) | 6 (26.1) | 77 (37.9) | 101 (44.5) | 440 (41.7) | 50 (37.3) |
| Idiopathic | 1 (7.1) | 20 (15.5) | 10 (5.4) | 2 (20.0) | 109 (12.8) | 4 (17.4) | 17 (8.4) | 26 (11.5) | 125 (11.8) | 12 (9.0) |
| Heritable | 0 | 5 (3.9) | 2 (1.1) | 0 | 14 (1.6) | 1 (4.3) | 4 (2.0) | 4 (1.8) | 19 (1.8) | 3 (2.2) |
| Drugs/toxins | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (1.0) | 1 (0.4) | 0 | 1 (0.7) |
| Associated PAH | 7 (50.0) | 50 (38.8) | 46 (24.7) | 4 (40.0) | 241 (28.3) | 1 (4.3) | 54 (26.6) | 70 (30.8) | 299 (28.3) | 34 (25.4) |
| CTD | 0 | 0 | 2 (1.1) | 0 | 2 (0.2) | 0 | 3 (1.5) | 0 | 3 (0.3) | 4 (3.0) |
| HIV | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Portal hypertension | 0 | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 3 (0.4) | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 2 (0.9) | 4 (0.4) | 0 |
| CHD | 7 (50.0) | 49 (38.0) | 41 (22.0) | 4 (40.0) | 238 (27.9) | 1 (4.3) | 50 (24.6) | 68 (30.0) | 292 (27.7) | 30 (22.4) |
| Schistosomiasis | 1 (7.1) | 0 | 0 | 1 (10.0) | 2 (0.2) | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.4) | 3 (0.3) | 0 |
| PVOD | 0 | 0 | 3 (1.6) | 1 (10.0) | 2 (0.2) | 1 (4.3) | 2 (1.0) | 4 (1.8) | 5 (0.5) | 0 |
| PPHN | 0 | 5 (3.9) | 9 (4.8) | 0 | 22 (2.6) | 1 (4.3) | 9 (4.4) | 7 (3.1) | 32 (3.0) | 7 (5.2) |
| Left-heart disease | 0 | 3 (2.3) | 4 (2.2) | 1 (10.0) | 32 (3.8) | 1 (4.3) | 8 (3.9) | 7 (3.1) | 34 (3.2) | 8 (6.0) |
| Lung disease | 6 (42.9) | 43 (33.3) | 100 (53.8) | 2 (20.0) | 417 (48.9) | 14 (60.9) | 106 (52.2) | 105 (46.3) | 516 (48.9) | 67 (50.0) |
| CTEPH | 0 | 0 | 3 (1.6) | 0 | 3 (0.4) | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.4) | 6 (0.6) | 0 |
| Unclear mechanisms | 0 | 3 (2.3) | 10 (5.4) | 0 | 17 (2.0) | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 5 (2.2) | 24 (2.3) | 2 (1.5) |
| Hematological | 0 | 2 (1.6) | 3 (1.6) | 0 | 3 (0.4) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 (0.7) | 1 (0.7) |
| Systemic disorders | 0 | 0 | 2 (1.1) | 0 | 5 (0.6) | 0 | 0 | 2 (0.9) | 5 (0.5) | 0 |
| Metabolic disorders | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 2 (0.9) | 1 (0.1) | 0 |
| Segmental PH | 0 | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 0 | 2 (0.2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.7) |
| Others | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 2 (0.2) | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.4) | 2 (0.2) | 0 |