Table 1. Examples of mHealth enhancement of infectious disease diagnosis, treatment and control.

Area	Function	mHealth Opportunities
Outbreak Identification	Novel outbreak monitoring	Electronic collection of epidemiological and clinical data
Diagnosis	Community or self-testing	Early detection, automated result capture and analysis
	Disease characterisation	Portable genetic sequencing of samples (e.g. to identify emerging drug resistance)
	Syndromic surveillance	Multi source data capture and passive reporting (e.g. activity levels and location history)
Treatment and Patient Management	Linkage to clinical care	Mobile connection to clinical care (decision trees, electronic prescribing)
	More efficient and effective use of stakeholder time	Automated report generation and supply chain management, reduce transcription errors in reporting
	Chronic infection monitoring and response to therapy	Long term biomarker reporting and analysis to guide community-based medication and care
Disease Control and Elimination	Cluster ‘hot spot’ identification Outbreak response Epidemic control	Rapid geospatial and phylogenetic mapping Real time reporting to public health agencies to implement control strategies via connected clinical and public health systems Social media queries capture and mapping during outbreaks Electronic implementation of control measures Data visualisation for epidemiological and clinical mapping, contact management and monitoring the effectiveness of interventions Targeted information dissemination