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. 2019 Oct 3;10(10):748. doi: 10.1038/s41419-019-1954-x

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a, b Expressions of indicated inflammatory cytokines in the related gastric mucosa were analyzed. β-actin was used as an internal control. n = 6 in each group, values are presented as mean ± SEM. Bonferroni’s comparison post hoc test. *P < 0.05 versus uninvolved tissues or SO (sham operation) mice, respectively. c Two-dimensional hierarchical clustering results for the gene of IL-6 superfamily members between PHG patients and healthy volunteers (n = 6 per group). d The fold changes and P value of the indicated mRNA levels in PHG tissues relative to normal (uninvolved) tissues from microarray experiment were represented. e Endoscopic imaging and IL-6 immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of uninvolved normal gastric mucosal tissue and gastropathic mucosal tissue from PHG patient were presented (brown, × 400, n = 6 per group). f IL-6 staining and gastric imaging in the indicated sections from SO and PVL mice (brown, × 400, n = 6 per group). g, h IL-6 and IL-6R levels in the indicated gastric mucosa were determined by western blotting in three pairs of different representative specimens. β-actin was used as the loading control. n = 6 per group