Table 2:
Characteristics of Included Botulinum Toxin Injection Studies
| Study (Year) | Study type | N | Age, years |
Sex, female (%) |
BMI, kg/m2 (mean ± s.d.) |
Botox Dose |
Injection Location |
Pre- T1/2, min (mean ±s.d.) |
Time of 2nd |
Post- T1/2, min (mean± s.d.) |
Length | Type of Test |
Type of Meal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Junior(2006) | Prospective | 12 | N/A | 67% | 46.2 ± 4.3 | Mix | 140.9 ± 18.8 | 144.2 ± 15.1 | 4 | Breath | Solid ~270 kcal (35% fat) 1 egg, two slices white bread 5g margarine (13C Octanoic Acid) | ||
| I -200 | 3 | 52.5±6.9 | 200 | Antrum 8 | 147.3±23.9 | 3 months | 144.7 ± 26 | ||||||
| II-200 | 3 | 46.7 ± 2.8 | 200 | Antrum 16 | 144.3 ± 5.5 | 3 months | 154.3± 16 | ||||||
| III-300 | 3 | 43.8 ± 1.8 | 300 | Antrum 16 | 134.7 ± 23.2 | 3 months | 145.7 ± 8.7 | ||||||
| IV-300 | 3 | 44.5 ± 1.1 | 300 | Antrum 24 | 148.3 ± 31 | 3 months | 140.7 ± 16.8 | ||||||
| Gui (2006) | RCT | 14 | Mix | 2 | Scintigraph | Solid 420 kcal (28% fat) 2 eggs, 100 g bread and water | |||||||
| I – 133 | 6 | 46 ± 12 | 50% | 49.4±7 | 133 | Antrum 8 | 71±16.8 | 0.5 months | 71.8±18.3 | ||||
| II – 200 | 4 | 43 ± 8 | 25% | 49.4±7 | 200 | Antrum 8 | 82.8±13.1 | 0.5 months | 75.3±6.4 | ||||
| III- Placebo | 4 | 34±11 | 50% | 44.5±7.3 | placebo | Antrum | 70.8±12.8 | 0.5 months | 62.5±13.7 | ||||
| Foschi(2008) | RCT | 18/30 | 40.6±3.5 | 83% | 44.6±1.4 | 200 | Antrum and Fundus | 83.4±3.9 | 2 months | 101.6 ± 9.9 | 3 | Breath | Solid 378 kcal standard bun(33.3% fat) (13C Octanoic Acid) |
| II- Placebo | 12/30 | 45.2±3.7 | 75% | 44.5±7.3 | Placebo | 103.4±4.5 | 2 months | 96.6 ± 5.6 | |||||
| Li (2012) | RCT | 19 | 35.7±10.7 | 52% | 34.9±5.9 | 147.2±34.6 | 1 month | 177.8±47.2 | 4 | Breath | Solid 260 kcal (18% fat) 50g flour, 1 egg 150 ml of water (13C OctanoicAcid) | ||
| I - 200 | 9 | 33.6±6 | 200 | Antrum Body and Fundus | 153.2±42.2 | 1 month | 188.4±48.3 | ||||||
| II - 300 | 10 | 36.1±6 | 300 | Antrum Body and Fundus | 141.8±27.2 | 1 month | 168.5±46.6 | ||||||
| Topazian (2013) | RCT | 45/60 | 49 | 87% | 37.9 | 4 | Scintigraphy | Solid 296 kcal 35% fat egg, toast, and milk | |||||
| I - 100 | 15 | 100 | Antrum | 0.5 months | MD: 14±29 | ||||||||
| II-300 | 15 | 300 | Antrum | 0.5 months | MD: 24±39 | ||||||||
| III- 500 | 15 | 500 | Antrum | 0.5 months | MD: 14±27 | ||||||||
| IV- Placebo | 15 | Placebo | Antrum | 0.5 months | MD: 0.8±24 |