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. 2019 Oct 3;17:102. doi: 10.1186/s12951-019-0536-5

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Quasi-three-dimensional hierarchical topography. a Schematic diagram of the fabrication process. b SEM images from top (right) and cross-sectional (left) view of the nanodots film and three typical quasi-three-dimensional hierarchically topographies with controlled density of nanorods. c Quantitative analysis of the density, diameter, height as well as the percent of nanorods area of the three topographies (n ≥ 10)