Table 4.
Factors associated with infection-related mortality among first graft kidney transplant recipients enrolled in Australia and New Zealand
| Demographics | No. of Events | Univariable Analysis | Multivariable Analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SHR (95% CI) | P Value | SHR (95% CI) | P Value | ||
| Recipient characteristics | |||||
| Age (yr) | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| <20 | 2 | 0.64 (0.15 to 2.70) | 0.55 (0.68 to 4.4) | ||
| 20–29 | 26 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 30–39 | 59 | 1.61 (1.01 to 2.56) | 1.34 (0.70 to 2.56) | ||
| 40–49 | 107 | 2.23 (1.45 to 3.42) | 1.57 (0.83 to 2.94) | ||
| 50–59 | 131 | 2.89 (1.90 to 4.42) | 2.10 (1.12 to 3.95) | ||
| ≥60 | 91 | 4.37 (2.81 to 6.77 | 4.16 (2.15 to 8.05) | ||
| Sex | <0.001 | 0.002 | |||
| Men | 232 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Women | 184 | 1.29 (1.07 to 1.56) | 1.62 (1.19 to 2.29) | ||
| Ethnicity | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| White | 297 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Indigenous | 66 | 3.47 (2.65 to 4.54) | 2.87 (1.84 to 4.46) | ||
| Asian | 39 | 1.33 (0.95 to 1.85) | 1.21 (0.73 to 2.01) | ||
| Other | 14 | 1.01 (0.59 to 1.72) | 1.03 (0.47 to 2.27) | ||
| Country | 0.17 | 0.40 | |||
| Australia | 343 | 1 | 1 | ||
| New Zealand | 73 | 1.19 (0.93 to 1.53) | 1.24 (0.75 to 2.05) | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 0.89 | 0.73 | |||
| <18.5 | 13 | 0.88 (0.50 to 1.56) | 1.35 (0.67 to 2.72) | ||
| 18.5–24 | 183 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 25–29 | 136 | 1.02 (0.82 to 1.27) | 0.89 (0.63 to 1.26) | ||
| 30–34 | 60 | 1.19 (0.89 to 1.60) | 0.98 (0.64 to 1.50) | ||
| 35–39 | 15 | 1.07 (0.63 to 1.81) | 0.66 (0.30 to 1.46) | ||
| ≥40 | 9 | 1.13 (0.46 to 2.73) | 0.90 (0.28 to 2.94) | ||
| Primary cause of kidney failure | <0.001 | 0.04 | |||
| Glomerulonephritis | 159 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Cystic kidney disease | 45 | 0.94 (0.68 to 1.31) | 0.52 (0.28 to 0.99) | ||
| Reflux nephropathy | 24 | 0.78 (0.51 to 1.19) | 0.93 (0.46 to 1.92) | ||
| Renovascular | 24 | 1.52 (0.99 to 2.33) | 1.64 (0.94 to 2.87) | ||
| Diabetic kidney disease | 90 | 1.95 (1.51 to 2.53) | 0.86 (0.44 to 1.68) | ||
| Other | 74 | 1.70 (1.29 to 2.23) | 1.39 (0.90 to 2.17) | ||
| Comorbidities (suspected or unknown) | <0.001 | 0.04 | |||
| Chronic lung disease | 48 | 2.17 (1.60 to 2.93) | 1.71 (1.10 to 2.65) | ||
| Coronary artery disease | 115 | 2.39 (1.93 to 2.96) | 1.34 (0.88 to 2.02) | ||
| Peripheral vascular disease | 71 | 2.37 (1.84 to 3.06) | 1.69 (1.01 to 2.82) | ||
| Cerebrovascular disease | 29 | 1.62 (1.11 to 2.36) | 1.04 (0.59 to 1.85) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 121 | 1.97 (1.59 to 2.43) | 1.15 (0.72 to 1.84) | ||
| Donor characteristics | |||||
| Donor age (yr) | <0.001 | 0.24 | |||
| <20 | 48 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 20–29 | 39 | 0.70 (0.46 to 1.08) | 0.62 (0.32 to 1.21) | ||
| 30–39 | 48 | 0.68 (0.46 to 1.02) | 0.57 (0.29 to 1.10) | ||
| 40–49 | 80 | 0.68 (0.47 to 0.97) | 0.58 (0.29 to 1.15) | ||
| 50–59 | 101 | 0.80 (0.57 to 1.13) | 0.67 (0.33 to 1.35) | ||
| 60–69 | 71 | 1.02 (0.71 to 1.48) | 0.69 (0.33 to 1.45) | ||
| ≥70 | 29 | 1.84 (1.16 to 2.93) | 1.33 (0.51 to 3.45) | ||
| Donor source | <0.001 | 0.003 | |||
| Deceased donor | 334 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Live donor | 82 | 0.42 (0.33 to 0.53) | 0.53 (0.37 to 0.76) | ||
| Transplant characteristics | |||||
| Era | 0.007 | 0.006 | |||
| 1997–2000 | 142 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 2001–2005 | 147 | 0.88 (0.70 to 1.11) | 0.87 (0.55 to 1.37) | ||
| 2006–2010 | 84 | 0.64 (0.49 to 0.85) | 0.61 (0.35 to 1.06) | ||
| 2011–2015 | 43 | 0.54 (0.37 to 0.77) | 0.39 (0.20 to 0.76) | ||
| Baseline immunosuppression | 0.12 | 0.49 | |||
| Tacrolimus/mycophenolate/prednisolone | 127 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Cyclosporin/mycophenolate/prednisolone | 182 | 0.88 (0.73 to 1.10) | 0.85 (0.60 to 1.22) | ||
| Other | 107 | 0.74 (0.66 to 1.01) | 0.86 (0.54 to 1.38) | ||
| Antirejection immunosuppression | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| No T cell–depleting therapy | 343 | 1 | 1 | ||
| T cell–depleting therapy | 73 | 2.75 (1.99 to 3.81) | 2.43 (1.36 to 4.33) | ||
SHR, subdistribution hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.