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. 2018 May 7;74(8):1345–1355. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gby056

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Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America 2018.

This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.

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Figure 1. — The diagram illustrates the hypothesized connections between cognitive enrichment in early life and the development of resiliency against age-related cognitive declines and impairments. People who engage in more cognitively enriching activities earlier in life build their cognitive reserves (i.e., neuroprotective assets) exponentially against age-related cognitive declines and impairments. Contrastly, people deprived of enriching activities in early life experience an increased risk of observing evidence of age-related cognitive declines and impairments. It should be noted that cognitive resiliency is plastic throughout the life span and contributions could always be made to cognitive reserves; however, just like compound interest, the growth is not as multiplying as if contributions were made earlier in life.