Table 4. Adverse maternal and fetal outcomes of women with pre-eclampsia/eclampsia compared to women with chronic/gestational hypertension.

Maternal and fetal outcomes	Chronic/ Gestational Hypertension N = 170 n (%)	Pre-eclampsia/ Eclampsia N = 281 n (%)	Crude RR (95% CI)	P-value	Adjusted RR (95% CI)	P-value
Maternal outcomes
Caesarean sectiona	72 (42.4)	159 (57.0)	1.41 (1.06, 1.89)	0.02	1.37 (1.01, 1.87)	0.04
Prolonged maternal hospital stayb	46 (27.1)	123 (43.9)	1.63 (1.15, 2.28)	0.005	1.40 (0.97, 2.03)	0.07
Fetal outcomes
Preterm delivery
<34 weeksc	11 (6.5)	58 (21.3)	3.26 (1.71, 6.22)	<0.001	2.74 (1.40, 5.36)	0.003
<37 weeksd	36 (21.3)	111 (40.7)	1.91 (1.31, 2.78)	0.001	1.89 (1.25, 2.85)	0.002
Low Apgar score (<7) at 1 minutee	57 (36.5)	87 (38.7)	1.06 (0.76, 1.48)	0.74	1.16 (0.82, 1.63)	0.40
Low Apgar score (<7) at 5 minutesf	11 (7.1)	26 (11.6)	1.65 (0.81, 3.33)	0.17	1.66 (0.81, 3.43)	0.17
NICU admissiong	31 (19.8)	70 (30.7)	1.55 (1.02, 2.37)	0.04	1.11 (0.72, 1.71)	0.64
Abortions/Perinatal mortalityh	19 (11.2)	65 (23.5)	2.09 (1.25, 3.48)	0.01	1.07 (0.40, 2.80)	0.90

RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval; NICU, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

^aAdjusted for stage of pregnancy at admission- risk estimates obtained by exclusion of 2 previous caesarean sections, previous extensive myomectomy and major placenta praevia

^bAdjusted for estimated gestational age (EGA) at diagnosis, EGA at delivery and stage of pregnancy at admission

^cAdjusted for EGA at diagnosis, number of antenatal visits, and stage of pregnancy at admission

^dAdjusted for parity (prior to delivery), EGA at diagnosis; number of antenatal visits, and stage of pregnancy at admission

^eAdjusted for mode of delivery

^fAdjusted for marital status and mode of delivery

^gAdjusted for EGA at delivery, mode of delivery and Apgar score at 5 minutes

^hAdjusted for EGA at delivery and Apgar score at 5 minutes.