Table 1.

Potential Strategies for Precision Health Science and Their Strengths and Challenges

	Examples	Strengths	Challenges
Omics	Genomics of risk factors Microbiome	Increased understanding of physiologic processes Aid screening and diagnosis Increased mechanistic understanding	Limitations of single gene exploration Unknown clinical utility Costs
Electronic Sensors	Actigraphy	Increased validity of typically behavioral measures Increased understanding of physiologic changes in relationship to behaviors Allow combination of data from multiple sources	Limited evidence related to outcomes Lack of theoretical underpinning Lack of normal standards Human subjects literacy in use
Geospatial Data	Geomapping	Increased understanding of health risks related to exposures Ability to identify targets of intervention beyond the individual level	Data from multiple sources, some of which have “boundaries” that may not map to actual exposure Sophisticated spatial analytic techniques require expertise