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. 2019 Sep 5;4(17):e128900. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.128900

Figure 3. Effects of cardiomyocyte DDT deletion in mice on the transition from hypertrophy to heart failure after pressure overload.

Figure 3

(A) Echocardiographic results in control (CON) mice and cardiomyocyte-specific DDT-KO (cKO) mice obtained 1 day before TAC or sham surgery and 1 day, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks after surgery. LVPW, left ventricular posterior wall thickness; LVID, left ventricular inner diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; CO, cardiac output; LA, left atrium. Two-way ANOVA testing was used to analyze echocardiography results. *P < 0.05 CON TAC vs. cKO TAC. (B) Heart failure biomarkers in CON and DDT-cKO mice after pressure overload; the content of mRNA transcripts for atrial natriuretic peptide (Nppa) and brain natriuretic peptide (Nppb) relative to ribosomal protein L32 (Rpl32) in the left ventricle 1 week and 7 weeks after sham or TAC surgery. Significance determined by 1-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple-comparisons test. Data are shown as mean ± SEM; n = 4–5 mice for sham groups; n = 7–8 mice for TAC groups. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001, indicated by brackets.