Figure 2. .

SFMs in Epilepsy. (A) Ictal and nonictal discharges have been characterized in nonlinear dynamics by two manifolds, a slow one-dimensional manifold illustrating the nonictal resting state and a fast oscillation tracing out trajectories on a cone. (B) The corresponding time series are shown on the top right, whereas the canonical SFMs are shown in panel A. (C) Two situations (time series, SFM) are shown for a detailed model signal (top trace: Epileptor) and an empirical signal (rat, in tuto hippocampus), showing the identical topological features in state space. (D) In the box on the bottom right, a state space is shown in (a), in which the upper region holds an Epileptor attractor and the lower region, separated by a separatrix (indicated in light blue), a so far unknown attractor, which is hypothesized to be linked to refractory status epilepticus. The respective time series from the two attractor spaces are plotted in the two right subpanels (b) and (c).