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. 2019 Sep 16;116(40):20190–20200. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1817014116

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

PRRSV infection causes maternal inflammation and sickness responses. (A) Study design: Pregnant gilts were inoculated with PRRSV on GD 76, and cesarean sections were performed 7 and 21 dpi. (B) PRRSV-inoculated gilts had elevated plasma IL-6 and TNFα at 7 and 21 dpi (main effect of PRRSV, IL-6 = P < 0.0001, TNFα = P < 0.05). n = 5 to 7 per group per time point. PRRSV infection resulted in (C) increased body temperature (treatment × time, P < 0.0001) and (D) decreased food intake (treatment × time, P < 0.0001). GD 70 to 83, n = 13 to 14 per group; GD 83 to 97, n = 6 to 7 per group. Symbols indicate Bonferroni post hoc adjusted P values. (E) PRRSV infection resulted in an up-regulation of inflammatory genes in maternal endometrial tissue at both 7 and 21 dpi. n = 5 gilts per group per time point. (F) Maternal infection also resulted in an up-regulation of TNF and IL1B in fetal placental tissue. n = 6 to 11 fetuses per group per time point. ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05, and #P < 0.10; error bars are ±SEM.