Table 1.

International classification of diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy	Findings observable on dilated ophthalmoscopy
No apparent DR	No abnormalities
Mild NPDR	Microaneurysms only
Moderate NPDR	More than just microaneurysms, but less than severe non-proliferative DR
Severe NPDR	Any of the following  Intraretinal hemorrhages (≥ 20 in each quadrant)  Definite venous beading (in two quadrants)  Intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (in 1 quadrant)  No signs of proliferative retinopathy
PDR	Severe non-proliferative DR and one or more of the following  Neovascularization  Vitreous/preretinal hemorrhage

IRMA intraretinal microvascular abnormalities, NPDR non-proliferative retinopathy, PDR proliferative retinopathy