Table 2.

Association between post-cancer diagnosis E-DII score from diet plus supplements and mortality outcomes among 463 colorectal cancer subjects in the WHI-DM and OS, Women’s Health Initiative, 1993–2015.

	Most anti-inflammatory diet E-DII tertile 1(−6.80, −3.91)	E-DII tertile 2 (−3.90, −2.09)	Most pro-inflammatory diet E-DII tertile 3 (−2.08, 3.25)	P-non linearitya	P-trendb
N	155	154	154
All-cause mortality
Number of deaths	37	60	65
Age and energy - adjusted HR (95% CI)	0.44 (0.29–0.66)	0.84 (0.59–1.20)	1.00 (reference)	<.0001	NA
Multivariabl e-adjusted HR (95% CI)c	0.49 (0.31–0.79)	1.10 (0.74–1.64)	1.00 (reference)	0.001	NA
Total cancer mortality
Number of deaths	21	32	35
Age and energy - adjusted HR (95% CI)	0.49 (0.28–0.84)	0.85 (0.52–1.37)	1.00 (reference)	0.07	0.12
Multivariabl e-adjusted HR (95% CI)d	0.57 (0.29–1.10)	1.06 (0.60–1.87)	1.00 (reference)	0.10	0.58
Colorectal cancer-specific mortality
Number of deaths	13	31	34
Age and energy - adjusted HR (95% CI)	0.33 (0.17–0.63)	0.86 (0.53–1.39)	1.00 (reference)	0.002	NA
Multivariabl e-adjusted HR (95% CI)c	0.58 (0.28–1.22)	1.19 (0.67–2.12)	1.00 (reference)	0.02	NA

^a.P-non linearity was assessed using the restricted cubic spline function within the Cox proportional hazards regression model where three knots at 5^th, 50^th and 95^th percentile of the exposure variable were added. A significant P-non linearity value indicates the relationship is not linear.

^b.P-trend was calculated by using continuous E-DII variable in the Cox proportional hazards model if the linear relationship assessed with restricted cubic spline held, otherwise, NA was reported.

^c.Model was stratified by WHI components (OS, DM-intervention, DM-control) due to PH assumption violation and was adjusted for age group at baseline (<=66, >66 years old), race/ethnicity (White non-Hispanic, Hispanic/Latino, Black/African-American, other), smoking status at baseline (never smoked, past smoker, current smoker, missing), income levels (<20,000, 20,000–49,999, >=50,000, missing), cancer stage (localized, regional, distant, unknown), education (high school or below, some college, college, postgraduate, missing), years from cancer diagnosis to FFQ (continuous), baseline physical activity in MET-h/week (0, 0–3,3–9,9+, missing), total energy intake per day (continuous), body mass index at baseline (underweight, normal, overweight, obese, missing), cancer differentiation grading (anaplastic, well differentiated, moderately differentiated, poorly differentiated, unknown), with the covariate of time-dependent status before and after post-diagnosis FFQ in the model.

^d.Model was stratified by WHI components and income levels due to PH assumption violation and adjusted for other covariates listed in c.