Table 3.
Association between post-cancer diagnosis E-DII score from diet only and mortality outcomes among 463 colorectal cancer subjects in the WHI-DM and OS
| Most anti-inflammatory diet E-DII tertile 1 (−5.96, −2.25) | E-DII tertile 2 (−2.24, −0.19) | Most pro-inflammatory diet E-DII tertile 3 (−0.18, 3.82) | P-non linearitya | P-trendb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 154 | 155 | 154 | ||
| All-cause mortality | |||||
| Number of deaths | 41 | 62 | 59 | ||
| Age and energy - adjusted HR (95% CI) | 0.59 (0.39–0.88) | 0.97 (0.68–1.40) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.01 | NA |
| Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI)c | 0.72 (0.46–1.12) | 1.01 (0.68–1.50) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.08 | 0.40 |
| Total cancer mortality | |||||
| Number of deaths | 20 | 39 | 29 | ||
| Age and energy - adjusted HR (95% CI) | 0.59 (0.33–1.06) | 1.28 (0.79–2.09) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.09 | 0.16 |
| Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI)c | 0.86 (0.45–1.66) | 1.36 (0.80–2.34) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.48 | 0.76 |
| Colorectal cancer specific mortality | |||||
| Number of deaths | 14 | 36 | 28 | ||
| Age and energy - adjusted HR (95% CI) | 0.45 (0.24–0.87) | 1.23 (0.74–2.03) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.01 | NA |
| Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI)c | 0.75 (0.36–1.57) | 1.43 (0.81–2.52) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.20 | 0.97 |
P-non linearity was assessed using the restricted cubic spline function within the Cox proportional hazards regression model where three knots at 5th, 50th and 95th percentile of the exposure variable were added. A significant P-non linearity value indicates the relationship is not linear.
P-trend was calculated by using continuous E-DII variable in the Cox proportional hazards model if the linear relationship assessed with restricted cubic spline held, otherwise, NA was reported.
Model was stratified by WHI components (OS, DM-intervention, DM-control) due to PH assumption violation and was adjusted for age group at baseline (<=66, >66 years old), race/ethnicity (White non-Hispanic, Hispanic/Latino, Black/African-American, other), smoking status at baseline (never smoked, past smoker, current smoker, missing), income levels (<20,000, 20,000–49,999, >=50,000, missing), cancer stage (localized, regional, distant, unknown), education (high school or below, some college, college, postgraduate, missing), years from cancer diagnosis to FFQ (continuous), baseline physical activity in MET-h/week (0, 0–3,3–9,9+, missing), total energy intake per day (continuous), body mass index at baseline (underweight, normal, overweight, obese, missing), cancer differentiation grading (anaplastic, well differentiated, moderately differentiated, poorly differentiated, unknown), supplement intake (yes/no), with the covariate of time-dependent status before and after post-diagnosis FFQ in the model.