Table 4.

Spearman Rho correlation coefficients for risk factors and delivery methods.

Information delivery methods	Diabetic risk factors
	Diet and nutrition			Physical activity			Smoking			Alcohol			Hypertension
	ρ	P valuea	N	ρ	P value	N	ρ	P value	N	ρ	P value	N	ρ	P value	N
Television	0.312 b	<.001	361	0.294	<.001	362	0.152	.004	361	0.091	.08	360	0.045	.39	360
Radio	0.050	.35	361	0.060	.25	362	0.190	<.001	361	0.049	.35	360	0.072	.17	360
Newspaper	0.009	.86	361	0.025	.64	362	0.210	<.001	361	0.174	.001	360	0.161	.002	360
SMSc	0.006	.91	361	0.048	.36	362	0.103	.05	361	0.058	.27	360	0.027	.61	360
WhatsApp	0.338	<.001	361	0.243	<.001	362	-0.081	.12	361	0.019	.71	360	-0.048	.36	360
Email	0.145	.006	361	0.157	.003	362	0.065	.22	361	0.057	.28	360	0.070	.19	360
Mobile apps	−0.050	.35	361	0.053	.31	362	0.160	.002	361	−0.020	.71	360	0.107	.04	360
Social media	−0.042	.42	361	−0.015	.78	362	0.116	.03	361	0.005	.92	360	0.002	.99	360
Face to face	−0.258	<.001	361	−0.079	.13	362	0.069	.19	361	−0.098	.06	360	0.029	.58	360

^aTwo-tailed significance.

^bSatistically significant correlations are presented in italics.

^cSMS: short message service.