Table 2.
Parent–player comparisons of significant differences within the go-zone displays.
| Parents (n = 57) |
Players (n = 141) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fun-determinanta | M | SD | M | SD | r | Fun-factor |
| A coach encouraging a team (8) | 4.72** | 0.49 | 4.33 | 0.69 | 0.26 | PC |
| Trying your best (73) | 4.54** | 0.60 | 4.80 | 0.50 | 0.25 | TH |
| Having well-organized practices (10) | 4.42* | 0.71 | 4.08 | 0.88 | 0.18 | P |
| Parents showing good sportsmanship (encouraging, not yelling) (72) | 4.40** | 0.73 | 3.88 | 1.06 | 0.23 | GTS |
| Exercising and being active (5) | 4.37* | 0.82 | 4.66 | 0.58 | 0.18 | TH |
| Getting compliments from coaches (1) | 4.28** | 0.75 | 3.74 | 0.97 | 0.26 | PC |
| Playing well during a game (2) | 4.19** | 0.81 | 4.58 | 0.62 | 0.24 | TH |
| Being strong and confident (20) | 4.19* | 0.81 | 4.50 | 0.71 | 0.19 | TH |
| Having your parent(s) watch your games (11) | 4.11** | 0.84 | 3.35 | 1.18 | 0.29 | GTS |
| Being congratulated for playing well (41) | 4.11* | 0.80 | 3.67 | 1.06 | 0.19 | GTS |
| Getting/staying in shape (67) | 4.11** | 0.80 | 4.62 | 0.62 | 0.34 | TH |
| Working hard (58) | 4.09** | 0.83 | 4.77 | 0.53 | 0.45 | TH |
| Improving athletic skills to play at the next level (36) | 3.91** | 0.83 | 4.29 | 0.89 | 0.24 | LI |
| Competing (52) | 3.88** | 0.95 | 4.41 | 0.81 | 0.29 | TH |
| Having the freedom to play creatively (22) | 3.53* | 1.07 | 3.96 | 0.97 | 0.19 | P |
| Having a group of friends outside of school (50) | 3.42* | 0.94 | 3.79 | 1.15 | 0.19 | TF |
| Winning (30) | 3.23** | 0.98 | 3.82 | 1.04 | 0.29 | MB |
| Hanging out with teammates outside of practice/games (51) | 3.07* | 0.96 | 3.48 | 1.21 | 0.18 | TF |
| Having nice sports gear and equipment (27) | 2.81* | 1.08 | 3.28 | 1.16 | 0.19 | S |
| Earning medals or trophies (63) | 2.61* | 1.21 | 3.18 | 1.22 | 0.21 | S |
| Traveling to new places to play (53) | 2.30* | 1.24 | 2.85 | 1.24 | 0.21 | S |
| Staying in hotels for games/tournaments (26) | 1.81* | 1.16 | 2.26 | 1.26 | 0.18 | S |
| Playing rough (15) | 1.72** | 1.00 | 3.09 | 1.28 | 0.47 | TH |
Abbreviation: M = mean, SD = standard deviation, r = effect size of difference, Fun-factor = the fun-factor each determinant is categorized within (PC = Positive Coaching, TH = Trying Hard, P = Practices, GTS = Game Time Support, S = Swag, MB = Mental Bonuses, LI = Learning and Improving, TF = Team Friendships).
a
Number in parentheses identifies the fun-determinant within the go-zone displays (see Figures 3–6).
Fun-determinants within the “go-zone” quadrants (upper-left and lower right) of the graph indicate fun-determinants rated above the importance average by one group and below the average by the other group and are shown in italics.
*
p < 0.013
**
p < 0.001.