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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 7.
Published in final edited form as: J Dev Life Course Criminol. 2019 Jul 13;5(2):137–175. doi: 10.1007/s40865-019-00118-3

Table 7.

Full model results for negative binomial regression models predicting offending

Father-child dyads (N = 180) Mother-child dyads (N = 132)
Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4
Coef. (SE) Coef. (SE) Coef. (SE) Coef. (SE)
Child arrest 1.108** (0.425) −1.894* (0.769) 4.114*** (0.932) 0.544 (0.508)
Parent arrest 0.019 (0.554) −0.016 (0.549) −1.108*** (0.288) −1.470*** (0.211)
Child arrest * parent arrest 3.063** (1,032) 4.465*** (0.659)
Prior offending 0.001 (0.004) 0.000 (0.004) −0.020* (0.009) −0.010(0.007)
G3 male 1.313** (0.846) 1.308** (0.369) 0.154 (0.364) 0.172 (0.320)
Black −1.301 (0.846) −1.306 (0.853) 1.578*** (0.432) 1.677*** (0.339)
Hispanic −0.619 (0.896) −0.576 (0.893) 0.257 (0.547) 0.903* (0.401)
Both parents −0.346 (0.601) −0.354 (0.599) −0.233 (0.535) −0.130 (0.538)
Financial assistance 0.709 (0.514) 0.738 (0.514) −0.902* (0.243) −0.714 (0.405)
Conventional values −3.555*** (0,602) −3.622*** (0,649) −0.910*** (0.243) −0.725* (0.286)
Gang member −0.406 (0.466) −0.395 (0.476) 2.328 (1.281) 2.072 (1.205)
Delinquent peers −1.580*** (0.430) −1.529*** (0.428) 1.098 (0.678) 1.247 (0.695)
Unstructured socializing −0.303 (0.265) −0.312 (0.272) 0.080 (0.367) −0.161 (0.316)
School commitment 1,062* (0.528) 1.064* (0.522) −2.403*** (0.651) −2.327*** (0.657)
Supervision 0.091 (0.643) 0.134 (0.662) 1.464* (0.704) 0.700 (0.641)
Attachment to mother 0.907 (0.636) 0.886 (0.634) 0.343 (0.445) 0.478 (0,463)
G2 infrequent with G3 1.591*** (0.406) 1.645*** (0.394)
G2 offending history 0.017(0.099) 0.018 (0.100) 0.328* (0.130) 0.378** (0.112)
Community arrest rate −0.248* (0.113) −0.257* (0.110) −0.065 (0.113) −0.080 (0.100)
Missing covariate 0.541 (0.361) 0.532 (0.358) −20.405*** (0.875) −21.940 (0.853)

Note. To account for the survey design, all standard errors are clustered by parent age at birth and robust standard errors are presented

Coef. = coefficient, SE = standard error, IRR = incidence rate ratio

*

p < 0.05,

**

p <0.01,

***

p < 0.001 (two-tailed test)