Table 1.
Characteristics of seronegative recipients of hepatitis C virus (HCV)–viremic kidneys versus matched pairs of seronegative recipients of HCV-nonviremic kidneys
| Variable | Patient D+/R−, n=103 | Matched Comparator D−/R−, n=206 | All Potential Comparators D−/R−, n=21,194 | Standard Difference in Means before Match | Standard Difference in Means after Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recipient variables | |||||
| Age at transplant, yr, mean (SD) | 58.9 (8.8) | 58.8 (9.1) | 52.3 (13.2) | 0.5909 | 0.0122 |
| Sex (women) | 24 (23.3%) | 24 (23.3%) | 8996 (41.1%) | −0.1779 | 0 |
| Race (black) | 47 (45.6%) | 94 (45.6%) | 7635 (34.8%) | 0.1076 | 0 |
| Cause of ESKD | |||||
| Diabetes | 43 (41.8%) | 86 (41.8%) | 5975 (27.3%) | 0.1446 | 0 |
| Hypertension | 16 (15.5%) | 32 (15.5%) | 5401 (24.6%) | −0.0914 | 0 |
| GN | 11 (10.7%) | 22 (10.7%) | 3188 (14.6%) | −0.0388 | 0 |
| Cystic | 11 (10.7%) | 22 (10.7%) | 1599 (7.3%) | 0.0341 | 0 |
| Other | 22 (21.3%) | 44 (21.3%) | 5751 (26.2%) | −0.0485 | 0 |
| Prior transplant | 14 (13.6%) | 28 (13.6%) | 3514 (16%) | −0.0242 | 0 |
| Prior malignancy | 5 (4.9%) | 10 (4.9%) | 1884 (8.6%) | −0.0372 | 0 |
| Blood type | |||||
| A | 28 (27.2%) | 56 (27.2%) | 7825 (35.7%) | −0.085 | 0 |
| B | 17 (16.5%) | 34 (16.5%) | 2956 (13.5%) | 0.0301 | 0 |
| O | 56 (54.4%) | 112 (54.4%) | 9977 (45.5%) | 0.0883 | 0 |
| AB | 2 (1.9%) | 4 (1.9%) | 1156 (5.3%) | −0.0334 | 0 |
| Duration on dialysis | |||||
| Preemptive | 16 (15.5%) | 32 (15.5%) | 1848 (8.4%) | 0.0708 | 0 |
| <1 yr | 28 (27.2%) | 56 (27.2%) | 1668 (7.6%) | 0.1955 | 0 |
| 1–5 yr | 49 (47.6%) | 98 (47.6%) | 9041 (41.4%) | 0.0621 | 0 |
| >5 yr | 10 (9.7%) | 20 (9.7%) | 9301 (42.6%) | −0.3284 | 0 |
| Insurance type | |||||
| Private | 36 (34.9%) | 72 (34.9%) | 4190 (19.1%) | 0.1583 | 0 |
| Medicaid | 10 (9.7%) | 20 (9.7%) | 1367 (6.2%) | 0.0348 | 0 |
| Medicare/other | 57 (55.4%) | 114 (55.4%) | 16,357 (74.7%) | −0.1931 | 0 |
| PRA (mean) | 9.3 (23.3) | 9.5 (24.7) | 29 (39.7) | −0.6043 | −0.009 |
| Education level | |||||
| Less than high school | 1 (1%) | 2 (1%) | 1686 (7.7%) | −0.0674 | 0 |
| High school and college | 68 (66%) | 136 (66%) | 14,676 (67%) | −0.0096 | 0 |
| Bachelor and higher | 32 (31.1%) | 64 (31.1%) | 5182 (23.6%) | 0.0742 | 0 |
| Unknown | 2 (1.9%) | 4 (1.9%) | 370 (1.7%) | 0.0027 | 0 |
| Donor variables | |||||
| Age, yr, mean (SD)a | 32 (8) | 32.1 (8.2) | 40.5 (13.5) | −0.7626 | −0.0109 |
| Race (black) | 2 (1.9%) | 4 (1.9%) | 2946 (13.4%) | −0.1151 | 0 |
| Height, cm, mean (SD) | 172.7 (8.8) | 172.7 (9.5) | 172.1(10.3) | 0.0707 | 0.0044 |
| Weight, kg, mean (SD) | 78.5 (14.3) | 78.4 (17.1) | 84.4 (21.5) | −0.3197 | 0.0106 |
| Creatinine, mg/dl, mean (SD) | 0.96 (0.47) | 0.97 (0.44) | 1.32 (1.21) | −0.3903 | −0.0113 |
| Donation after cardiac death | 7 (6.8%) | 14 (6.8%) | 4849 (22.1%) | −0.1531 | 0 |
| History of hypertension | 9 (8.7%) | 18 (8.7%) | 6085 (27.8%) | −0.1902 | 0 |
| Cause of death—CVA | 10 (9.7%) | 20 (9.7%) | 6239 (28.5%) | −0.1877 | 0 |
| History of diabetesb | 0 | 0 | 0 | n/a | n/a |
| Allocation KDPI %, mean (SD)c | 47 (15) | 26 (16) | 46 (26) | n/a | n/a |
PRA, panel reactive antibody; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; n/a, not applicable; KDPI, kidney donor profile index.
Potential comparator recipients of kidneys from donors <18 yr old were excluded before the match, because none of the HCV-viremic kidney transplant recipients received a kidney from a donor who was <18 yr of age.
Potential comparator recipients of kidneys from donors with a history of diabetes were excluded, because none of the HCV-viremic kidney transplant recipients received a kidney from a donor with history of diabetes.
Because we matched on the individual elements of KDPI (except HCV serostatus), we excluded matching on KDPI.