Table 3. Therapeutic antibiotics in patients with culture-negative pyogenic spondylitis.
| Antibiotic regimens | Total (n = 78) | Group A (n = 66) | Group B (n = 12) | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intravenous antibiotics | ||||||
| Monotherapy | ||||||
| Cefazolin | 33 (42.3) | 29 (43.9) | 4 (33.3) | 0.494 | ||
| Ampicillin/sulbactam | 25 (32.1) | 24 (36.4) | 1 (8.3) | 0.090 | ||
| 3rd-generation cephalosporin | 15 (19.2) | 14 (21.2) | 1 (8.3) | 0.443 | ||
| Piperacillin/tazobactam | 10 (12.8) | 8 (12.1) | 2 (16.7) | 0.647 | ||
| Quinolone | 4 (5.1) | 3 (4.5) | 1 (8.3) | 0.495 | ||
| 2nd-generation cephalosporin | 4 (5.1) | 4 (6.1) | 0 (0) | >0.999 | ||
| Carbapenem | 4 (5.1) | 1 (1.5) | 3 (25) | 0.011 | ||
| Combination therapy | ||||||
| Beta-lactam + quinolone | 5 (6.4) | 4 (6.1) | 1 (8.3) | 0.577 | ||
| Beta-lactam + aminoglycoside | 4 (5.1) | 3 (4.5) | 1 (8.3) | 0.495 | ||
| 3rd-generation cephalosporin + metronidazole | 3 (3.8) | 3 (4.5) | 0 (0) | >0.999 | ||
| Glycopeptide-containing regimens | ||||||
| Glycopeptide + broad-spectrum cephalosporin ± others | 16 (20.5) | 7 (10.6) | 9 (75) | <0.001 | ||
| Glycopeptide alone | 10 (12.8) | 5 (7.6) | 5 (41.7) | 0.006 | ||
| Glycopeptide + quinolone | 6 (7.7) | 2 (3.0) | 4 (33.3) | 0.004 | ||
| Glycopeptide + beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor | 6 (7.7) | 2 (3.0) | 4 (33.3) | 0.004 | ||
| Glycopeptide + carbapenem | 5 (6.4) | 1 (1.5) | 4 (33.3) | 0.002 | ||
| Glycopeptide + others | 3 (3.8) | 1 (1.5) | 2 (16.7) | 0.060 | ||
| Others | 7 (9.0) | 7 (10.6) | 0 (0) | 0.587 | ||
| No intravenous antibiotic use | 6 (7.7) | 6 (9.1) | 0 (0) | 0.582 | ||
| Oral antibiotics | ||||||
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate | 18/77a (23.4) | 15/65a (23.1) | 3 (25) | >0.999 | ||
| Quinolone | 17/77a (22.1) | 14/65a (21.5) | 3 (25) | 0.721 | ||
| 2nd-generation cephalosporin | 17/77a (22.1) | 16/65a (24.6) | 1 (8.3) | 0.282 | ||
| 3rd-generation cephalosporin | 16/77a (20.8) | 14/65a (21.5) | 2 (16.7) | >0.999 | ||
| 1st-generation cephalosporin | 9/77a (11.7) | 9/65a (13.8) | 0 (0) | 0.340 | ||
| Amoxicillin | 2/77a (2.6) | 2/65a (3.1) | 0 (0) | >0.999 | ||
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate + quinolone | 2/77a (2.6) | 2/65a (3.1) | 0 (0) | >0.999 | ||
| Others | 5/77a (6.5) | 2/65a (3.1) | 3 (25) | 0.025 | ||
| No oral antibiotic use | 8/77a (10.4) | 5/65a (7.7) | 3 (25) | 0.104 | ||
| Antibiotic duration, totalb, median (IQR), days | 73.0 (47.0–104.0) | 67.0 (44.0–94.5) | 113.0 (67.0–172.2) | 0.005 | ||
| Intravenousc | 32.0 (20.0–56.0) | 28.0 (16.5–40.0) | 75.5 (56.0–95.5) | <0.001 | ||
| Orald | 41.0 (19.0–63.5) | 41.0 (19.5–63.5) | 32.5 (0.0–81.2) | 0.757 | ||
Data are presented as n (%) unless otherwise specified.
an/total with available information (%).
b, c, dMissing data in 1/78 (1.2%) patients: 1/66 (1.5%) in Group A, and 0/12 (0%) in Group B.
IQR, interquartile range.