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. 2019 Oct 1;10:2296. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02296

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Copyright © 2019 Armstrong, Bording-Jorgensen, Chan and Wine.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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C. rodentium growth and phagocytosis of are not altered with nigericin treatment. (A) C. rodentium were diluted to an initial OD600 of 0.1 and treated with nigericin (20 μM) at time 0 h. OD600 readings were taken at indicated times and compared to non-treated cultures. (B) Raw 264.7 cells were cultured with 2 μm conjugated beads (Polysciences Inc.) then treated with nigericin (20 μM) or ATP (2.5 mM) for 30 min. (C) Phagocytosis was measured by manual counting. Cells were fixed and stained using DAPI (cell nuclei; blue), Phalloidin (F-actin; red), and Alexa Fluor 488 (C. rodentium; green). Cells were imaged using a Leica SP5 confocal microscope at 60x mag.