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. 2019 Oct 1;10:1134. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01134

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Copyright © 2019 Wu, Xu, Li, Huang, Wu, Gan, Chen, Luo, Li, Huang, Su and Liu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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PA treatment attenuated HFD-induced ER stress in rats. (A) Representative immunoreactive bands of GRP78, PERK, p-PERK, IRE1α, p-IRE1α, and ATF6; (B) Ratios of ATF6/β-actin, (C) p-IRE1α/IRE1α, (D) p-PERK/PERK, and (E) GRP78/β-actin; the relative expression levels of target proteins were normalized by β-actin; (F) mRNA expressions of ATF6, (G) IRE1, (H) PERK, and (I) GRP78; the relative expression levels of target genes were normalized by GAPDH. Values were presented as mean ± SD (n = 3 per group). p < 0.05, ^## p < 0.01 vs. ND group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. HFD group.