Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| Variable | All (n = 338,216) |
Men (n = 185,510) |
Women (n = 152,706) |
p-Value a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 52.19 ± 9.46 | 51.36 ± 9.19 | 53.21 ± 9.68 | <0.0001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m 2 | 23.96 ± 2.95 | 23.96 ± 2.83 | 23.96 ± 3.08 | 0.5004 |
| AST (U/I) | 25.47 ± 11.29 | 27.04 ± 12.47 | 23.56 ± 9.31 | <0.0001 |
| ALT (U/I) | 24.13 ± 12.68 | 27.18 ± 13.66 | 20.42 ± 10.21 | <0.0001 |
| GGT (U/L) | 35.18 ± 44.68 | 47.00 ± 54.83 | 20.82 ± 19.82 | <0.0001 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 200.31 ± 37.41 | 198.20 ± 36.49 | 202.90 ± 38.35 | <0.0001 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 97.73 ± 31.60 | 99.45 ± 32.94 | 95.64 ± 29.77 | <0.0001 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Non-smoker | 227,928 (67.39) | 80,405 (43.34) | 147,523 (96.61) | <0.0001 |
| Ex-smoker | 30,105 (8.90) | 28,737 (15.49) | 1368 (0.90) | |
| Current smoker | 80,183 (23.71) | 76,368 (41.17) | 3815 (2.50) | |
| Alcohol consumption | ||||
| None | 191,865 (56.73) | 65,682 (35.41) | 126,183 (82.63) | <0.0001 |
| Seldom | 52,232 (15.44) | 36,282 (19.56) | 15,950 (10.44) | |
| Sometimes | 56,986 (16.85) | 49,024 (26.43) | 7962 (5.21) | |
| Often | 23,138 (6.84) | 21,656 (11.67) | 1482 (0.97) | |
| Always | 13,995 (4.14) | 12,866 (6.94) | 1129 (0.74) | |
| Average exercise | ||||
| None | 185,261 (54.78) | 87,543 (47.19) | 97,718 (63.99) | <0.0001 |
| Seldom | 84,103 (24.87) | 56,850 (30.65) | 27,253 (17.85) | |
| Sometimes | 35,211 (10.41) | 22,357 (12.05) | 12,854 (8.42) | |
| Often | 9314 (2.75) | 5562 (3.00) | 3752 (2.46) | |
| Always | 24,327 (7.19) | 13,198 (7.11) | 11,129 (7.29) |
a From t-test for continuous variables or chi square test for categorical variables. ALT: alanine transaminase; GGT: gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Values expressed as mean ± SD or number (%).