TSLP is associated with sepsis. (A) TSLP levels in serum of patients with sepsis were analyzed by ELISA. Normal (Healthy volunteers, n = 20); Sepsis (Patients with sepsis, n = 30). A p value indicates the significant difference between normal and sepsis (B) TSLP levels were analyzed in serum of mice following LPS or E. coli injection by ELISA. (C) TSLP levels were analyzed in peritoneal lavage of mice following LPS or E. coli injection by ELISA. (D) TSLP protein levels were analyzed 12 h after LPS (10 mg/kg) or E. coli (1 × 106 CFU) injection by ELISA. (E) TSLP mRNA expression was analyzed 12 h after LPS (10 mg/kg) or E. coli (1 × 106 CFU) injection by real-time PCR (n = 10/group). A p value indicates the significant difference between PBS and LPS. PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoietin.