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. 2019 Sep 13;8(9):1460. doi: 10.3390/jcm8091460

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Associations between individual changes in disease-specific fears and COPD assessment test scores for participants with different levels of disease-specific fears (color indicates mean level of disease-specific fear). Estimated associations for participants with disease-specific fear scores 1SD above mean, mean, and 1SD below mean (95% CI) are superimposed. (Panel a): Fear of Dyspnea (FD), (Panel b): Fear of Physical Activity (FPA), (Panel c): Fear of Progression (FPR), (Panel d): Fear of Social Exclusion (FSE), (Panel e): Sleep-Related Worries (SRW).

Associations between individual changes in disease-specific fears and COPD assessment test scores for participants with different levels of disease-specific fears (color indicates mean level of disease-specific fear). Estimated associations for participants with disease-specific fear scores 1SD above mean, mean, and 1SD below mean (95% CI) are superimposed. (Panel a): Fear of Dyspnea (FD), (Panel b): Fear of Physical Activity (FPA), (Panel c): Fear of Progression (FPR), (Panel d): Fear of Social Exclusion (FSE), (Panel e): Sleep-Related Worries (SRW).