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. 2019 Feb 8;123(2):273–282. doi: 10.1038/s41437-019-0187-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Mean decline in heterozygosity from 1000 age-structured simulations where the starting frequency is P_B = 0.5, N = 1000, where reproductive distributions have been shifted towards the young (T−20, solid lines) and the old (T+20, dashed lines). Time is in years. b Notched boxplots summarising each of the 1000 simulations run for each population. The black, blue and red dots indicate the means for the US, Hadza and Type-II populations, respectively