Table 2.
Prevalence of mental health and alcohol outcomes among military spouses/partners compared to women in the general population (%, N, unadj., adj. ORs).
| Mental health outcomes | S/Ps % (N) N = 405 |
APMS % (N) N = 1594 |
Unadj. OR (95% CI)a | Adj. OR (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Probable depression (PHQ-9) | |||||
| No/mild depression | 92.9 (366) | 96.8 (1531) | 1.0 | 1.0b | |
| Moderate/severe depression | 7.2 (28) | 3.2 (63) | 2.34 (1.43–3.82) | 2.50 (1.52–4.11) | <0.001 |
| Probable PTSD (PCL-C) | |||||
| No (<44) | 93.6 (374) | 95.9 (1504) | 1.0 | – | |
| Yes (≥44) | 6.4 (20) | 4.1 (71) | 1.60 (0.81–3.16) | – | |
| AUDIT alcohol misuse outcomes | |||||
| AUDIT score categories | |||||
| Little or no risk (≥7) | 84.6 (337) | 86.2 (1355) | 1.0 | – | |
| Medium risk (8–15)/high risk/probable dependence (≥16) | 15.4 (57) | 13.8 (239) | 1.14 (0.81–1.60) | – | |
| AUDIT subscales – item thresholds | |||||
| Hazardous alcohol consumption (AUDIT 2–3) | |||||
| No hazardous use (0) | 21.6 (80) | 40.4 (501) | 1.0 | 1.0c | |
| Probable hazardous use (≥1) | 78.4 (270) | 59.6 (795) | 2.47 (1.85–3.29) | 2.55 (1.87–3.47) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol dependence (AUDIT 4–6) | |||||
| No dependence (0) | 84.9 (301) | 84.2 (819) | 1.0 | – | |
| Probable alcohol dependence (≥1) | 15.1 (49) | 15.8 (160) | 0.95 (0.65–1.39) | – | |
| Alcohol-related harm (AUDIT 7–10) | |||||
| No alcohol-related harm (0) | 73.6 (262) | 69.5 (669) | 1.0 | – | |
| Probable alcohol-related harm (≥1) | 26.4 (88) | 30.5 (310) | 0.82 (0.61–1.10) | – | |
| Individual AUDIT questions (AUDIT 1–3) | |||||
| Frequency of alcoholic drink in past year | |||||
| Never-monthly | 39.2 (147) | 40.0 (429) | 1.0 | 1.0c | |
| 2–4 times/month | 29.4 (118) | 26.8 (381) | 0.87 (0.64–1.17) | 0.81 (0.58–1.14) | 0.224 |
| 2–3 times/week or more | 31.4 (129) | 42.2 (598) | 0.59 (0.44–0.79) | 0.57 (0.41–0.78) | 0.001 |
| Number of standard drinks per typical session | |||||
| 1–2 | 45.6 (165) | 63.3 (793) | 1.0 | 1.0c | |
| 3 or more | 54.4 (185) | 36.7 (503) | 2.06 (1.60–2.65) | 2.15 (1.64–2.81) | <0.001 |
| Binge-drinking – ≥6 units on one occasion | |||||
| Never | 25.3 (95) | 46.0 (576) | 1.0 | 1.0c | |
| <Monthly, monthly | 65.0 (224) | 45.1 (599) | 2.62 (1.98–3.46) | 2.54 (1.88–3.43) | <0.001 |
| Weekly, daily, almost daily | 9.7 (31) | 8.9 (124) | 1.98 (1.22–3.21) | 2.15 (1.28–3.61) | 0.004 |
Missing = 11–615.
aBaseline data APMS, no caseness/little or no risk/never-monthly frequency of alcohol use/1–2 std drinks/never binge-drink.
bAdjusted for S/P, APMS participant age.
cAdjusted for S/P, APMS participant age number of children (1, 2+) & occupational social class (managerial/professional (baseline), intermediate, routine/manual, unemployed/never worked.