FIG. 2.
Drug deposition fractions from in vitro experiments of nose-to-lung nebulized aerosol delivery for a conventional mesh nebulizer (control) compared with ECG delivery with a divided nasal cannula. The ECG delivery cases implemented the same mesh nebulizer combined with a mixer/heater device to produce submicrometer aerosol size. In all cases, the model drug was AS. For ECG delivery, hygroscopic excipients of MN or NaCl were also considered. AS, albuterol sulfate; ECG, enhanced condensational growth; MN, mannitol; NaCl, sodium chloride. From Golshahi et al.(71) with permission of Springer Nature.