Table III.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of clinical factors affecting severe complications (n=83).
| Univariate | Multivariate | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | HR | 95% CI | P-value | HR | 95% CI | P-value |
| Age (≥70 years) | 2.42 | 0.92–6.33 | 0.0722 | |||
| Sex (male) | 3.22 | 1.13–9.19 | 0.0291 | 1.99 | 0.56–7.06 | 0.2857 |
| BMI (<20.8 kg/m2) | 1.04 | 0.41–2.62 | 0.9409 | |||
| Diabetes mellitus (yes) | 2.62 | 0.95–7.20 | 0.0616 | |||
| Preoperative biliary drainage (yes) | 1.76 | 0.66–4.70 | 0.2610 | |||
| PNI (<40.0) | 0.75 | 0.18–3.05 | 0.6876 | |||
| HS-mGPS (1+2) | 1.72 | 0.66–4.52 | 0.2669 | |||
| Disease location (not pancreas) | 8.54 | 2.90–25.15 | <0.0001 | 9.64 | 2.71–34.35 | 0.0005 |
| Tumor type (benign) | 1.27 | 0.38–4.25 | 0.6982 | |||
| Performed operation (PPPD) | 1.09 | 0.36–3.24 | 0.8834 | |||
| Portal vein resection (yes) | 0.55 | 0.14–2.15 | 0.3863 | |||
| Operation time (≥607 min) | 0.77 | 0.30–1.96 | 0.5844 | |||
| Blood loss (≥1520 ml) | 1.52 | 0.59–3.86 | 0.3841 | |||
| Preoperative plasma ghrelin (fmol/ml) | ||||||
| AG (<10.6) | 1.79 | 0.58–5.52 | 0.3142 | |||
| DG (<41.6) | 3.09 | 1.16–8.28 | 0.0246 | 2.21 | 0.61–8.08 | 0.2289 |
| Total ghrelin (<47.3) | 2.60 | 0.99–6.81 | 0.0523 | |||
| DG-to-AG ratio (<3.1) | 6.23 | 1.98–19.67 | 0.0018 | 5.34 | 1.19–24.03 | 0.0292 |
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; PNI, prognostic nutritional index; HS-mGPS, high-sensitivity modified Glasgow Prognostic Score; PPPD, pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy; AG, acyl ghrelin; DG, desacyl ghrelin.