Table I.
Patient characteristics.
| High pre-operative anxiety group | Low pre-operative anxiety group | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Item | Butorphanol group (n=36) | 0.9% saline group (n=34) | Butorphanol group (n=32) | 0.9% saline group (n=29) | P-value |
| Sex | 0.888 | ||||
| Male | 17 (47.2) | 14 (41.2) | 13 (40.6) | 11 (37.9) | |
| Female | 19 (52.8) | 20 (58.8) | 19 (59.4) | 18 (62.1) | |
| Age (years) | 47.1±16.8 | 47.3±16.0 | 41.5±14.2 | 41.0±12.3 | 0.172 |
| Weight (kg) | 65.8±3.0 | 68.6±10.6 | 69.8±8.3 | 66.0±4.1 | 0.069 |
| Duration of surgery (min) | 83.3±15.8 | 84.0±16.5 | 85.2±18.4 | 86.5±16.4 | 0.877 |
| Type of surgery | 0.283 | ||||
| Repair of ligament injury | 15 (41.7) | 17 (50) | 11 (34.4) | 9 (31.1) | |
| Repair of meniscus injury | 11 (30.6) | 8 (23.5) | 10 (31.3) | 15 (51.7) | |
| Other | 10 (27.8) | 9 (26.5) | 11 (34.4) | 5 (17.2) | |
Values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation or as n (%).