Table 1. Characteristics of hepatitis A virus cases meeting confirmed and probable outbreak case definitions Toronto, Ontario (January 1, 2017–November 30, 2018).

Characteristics^a	Outbreak cases
	Confirmed (n=42)		Probable (n=10)		Total (n=52)
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Gender
male	33/42	79	10/10	100	43/52	83
female	9/42	21	0/10	0	9/52	17
Age
mean age	38.1	38.1	39.4	39.4	38.4	38.4
Risk factors
MSM	17/29	59	8/10	80	25/39	64
illicit drug use^b	20/41	49	3/9	33	23/50	46
illicit drug use^b with no other risk factors	2/36	6	0/9	0	2/45	4
cannabis use	9/40	23	3/9	33	12/49	24
travel	0/38	0	10/10	100	10/48	21
homeless/underhoused	4/42	10	0/10	0	4/52	8
none reported	18/42	43	0/10	0	18/52	35
Co-infections
HIV co-infection	6/40	15	3/10	30	9/50	18
previous/current STI	13/40	33	5/10	50	18/50	36
Morbidity
hospitalization	23/41	56	4/10	40	27/51	53
Strain
VRD_521_2016	26/32	81	0/4	0	26/36	72
RIVM HAV16-090	1/32	3	2/4	50	3/36	8
V16-25801	0/32	0	1/4	25	1/36	3
non-outbreak strain	5/32	16	1/4	25	6/36	17

Abbreviations: MSM, men who have sex with men; STI, sexually-transmitted infections

^a Denominators reflect counts of cases where information on each characteristic was collected

^b Reported illicit drugs included cannabis, G liquid, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy), opioids/fentanyl, non-injection cocaine, crystal methamphetamine, heroin and crack