Table 3.
Observable Signs of Intoxication in Female Rats.
| Signs | Average Time to Onset (Minutes) |
Standard Deviation |
|---|---|---|
| Chewing | 27.5 | 19.4 |
| Excessive Grooming | 28.7 | 6.4 |
| Tongue Fasciculation | 33.5 | 28.6 |
| Hiccup | 35.1 | 14.5 |
| Frantic | 36.5 | 23.3 |
| Cyanosis | 42.2 | 37.2 |
| Myoclonic Jerk | 44.0 | 24.5 |
| Ataxic | 50.0 | 38.1 |
| Facial Tremors | 51.4 | 23.9 |
| Pallor | 51.5 | 9.2 |
| Body Tremors | 53.4 | 42.4 |
| Motion Arrest | 54.0 | 48.1 |
| Squinting | 55.8 | 13.5 |
| Tonus | 59.0 | 72.1 |
| Lethargy | 63.6 | 37.6 |
| Excessive Defecation | 63.7 | 40.5 |
| Piloerection | 65.3 | 28.2 |
| Loss of Righting | 78.0 | 38.2 |
| Opisthotonus | 79.5 | 38.9 |
| Muscle Fasciculation | 80.1 | 46.6 |
| Gasp | 80.5 | 26.2 |
| Hunched Posture | 82.0 | 77.8 |
| Retch | 89.5 | 46.3 |
| Clonus | 90.4 | 36.3 |
| Belly Down | 106.6 | 26.1 |
| Head Bob | 107.9 | 15.0 |
| Convulsions | 112.5 | 4.7 |
| Rearing | 115.3 | 5.1 |
Note: not every rat experienced all of the observed signs. n = 2-12